{ "manifestVersion": 1, "dataset": { "id": "gbif-ro", "name": "GBIF species occurrences in Romania", "description": "Species-occurrence records for Romania, published by GBIF — the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, the international reference infrastructure for biodiversity data. Each row is one observation, museum specimen, sample or sensor reading for one species, at one place and time, exactly as published by whichever of GBIF’s thousands of contributing institutions and citizen-science projects submitted it — museums, universities, NGOs, monitoring programmes, platforms like iNaturalist and eBird. REFERENCED LIVE, NOT COPIED: both tables are published as views over GBIF’s own monthly Parquet snapshot on its public AWS Open Data bucket, so no row is stored in this directory’s lake and every query reads GBIF directly. That means the data is always exactly what GBIF currently publishes for the pinned snapshot — and it means there is no history here beyond that one snapshot, no row counts or column statistics of our own, and a query needs network access to s3://gbif-open-data-eu-central-1 (public, no credentials). GBIF assigns EACH RECORD, individually, one of three Creative Commons licences — never the dataset as a whole — and that per-record licence is carried straight through into the `license` column rather than flattened into one label; see `license.notes` for the measured breakdown and what each value requires of a reuser.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Înregistrări de apariții de specii (occurrence records) din România, publicate de GBIF — Global Biodiversity Information Facility, infrastructura internațională de referință pentru date despre biodiversitate. Fiecare rând este o observație, un specimen de muzeu, o probă sau o citire de senzor pentru o specie, la un moment și un loc date, așa cum a fost publicată de una dintre miile de instituții și proiecte pe care GBIF le agregă — muzee, universități, ONG-uri, programe de monitorizare și platforme de știință cetățenească. REFERENȚIATE DIRECT, NU COPIATE: ambele tabele sunt publicate ca vizualizări (views) peste instantaneul (snapshot) lunar publicat de GBIF ca Parquet pe un bucket public AWS Open Data, deci niciun rând nu este stocat în lacul acestui director și orice interogare citește direct de la GBIF. Asta înseamnă că datele sunt mereu exact ce publică GBIF în acel moment pentru instantaneul fixat — și înseamnă că aici nu există istoric dincolo de acel unic instantaneu, nu există numărători de rânduri sau statistici proprii, iar o interogare are nevoie de acces la rețea către s3://gbif-open-data-eu-central-1 (public, fără credențiale). GBIF atribuie FIECĂREI ÎNREGISTRĂRI, individual, una dintre trei licențe Creative Commons — nu unui set de date întreg — iar acest lucru este păstrat: coloana license din tabelul occurrences arată, rând cu rând, ce condiții se aplică exact acelei observații.", "en": "Species-occurrence records for Romania, published by GBIF — the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, the international reference infrastructure for biodiversity data. Each row is one observation, museum specimen, sample or sensor reading for one species, at one place and time, exactly as published by whichever of GBIF’s thousands of contributing institutions and citizen-science projects submitted it — museums, universities, NGOs, monitoring programmes, platforms like iNaturalist and eBird. REFERENCED LIVE, NOT COPIED: both tables are published as views over GBIF’s own monthly Parquet snapshot on its public AWS Open Data bucket, so no row is stored in this directory’s lake and every query reads GBIF directly. That means the data is always exactly what GBIF currently publishes for the pinned snapshot — and it means there is no history here beyond that one snapshot, no row counts or column statistics of our own, and a query needs network access to s3://gbif-open-data-eu-central-1 (public, no credentials). GBIF assigns EACH RECORD, individually, one of three Creative Commons licences — never the dataset as a whole — and that per-record licence is carried straight through into the `license` column rather than flattened into one label; see `license.notes` for the measured breakdown and what each value requires of a reuser." }, "names": { "ro": "GBIF — observații de specii în România", "en": "GBIF species occurrences in Romania" }, "sourceUrl": "https://registry.opendata.aws/gbif/", "license": { "id": "multiple", "name": "Mixed Creative Commons licences, assigned per record by GBIF (CC0-1.0, CC-BY-4.0, CC-BY-NC-4.0)", "url": "https://www.gbif.org/terms", "attribution": "GBIF.org, GBIF Occurrence Snapshot — every monthly snapshot is issued its own DOI (listed at https://www.gbif.org/occurrence-snapshots); cite the DOI for the snapshotDate this run used, or mint a GBIF \"Derived Dataset\" citation for your specific query, as GBIF itself recommends for a filtered subset of a cloud snapshot.", "notes": "GBIF’s Governing Board has required every occurrence record to carry one of exactly three Creative Commons licences since 2014, assigned RECORD BY RECORD rather than for a whole dataset: CC0-1.0 (\"for any use without restriction or particular requirements on the part of users\"), CC-BY-4.0 (\"for any use provided that attribution is appropriately given for the sources of data used\"), and CC-BY-NC-4.0 (\"for any use provided that attribution is appropriately given and provided the use is not for commercial purposes\") — quoted from gbif.org/terms. Measured directly against the 2026-09-01 snapshot’s Romanian records (1,794,998 rows total): CC-BY-4.0 892,005 (49.7%), CC-BY-NC-4.0 697,635 (38.9%), CC0-1.0 205,358 (11.4%). THE DECISION THIS CONNECTOR MAKES: publish every row, of every licence, with the per-record `license` value carried through unchanged and declared NOT NULL — rather than excluding CC-BY-NC-4.0 rows to make the dataset look single-licensed. Dropping them would silently remove 38.9% of Romania’s occurrence records, which is exactly the \"curated handful instead of the whole source\" failure this platform’s house rules forbid, and it is not what GBIF’s own bulk downloads or cloud mirrors do either. A REUSER MUST FILTER BY `license` BEFORE ANY REUSE: `license = 'CC0_1_0'` carries no conditions at all; `license IN ('CC0_1_0','CC_BY_4_0')` may be used for any purpose, commercial included, with attribution; `license = 'CC_BY_NC_4_0'` additionally forbids commercial use. GBIF’s own guidance on CC-BY-NC: \"Users who make use of data that carries the CC BY-NC license should do so in good faith. We strongly encourage them to communicate with publishers if a broad but reasonable interpretation of non-commercial use might construe the benefits they receive as commercial in nature\" — GBIF does not itself enforce CC-BY-NC by legal means; that responsibility sits with the individual data publisher and, downstream, with the reuser. AWS’s own Open Data registry entry for this bucket labels the mirror as a whole \"CC-BY-NC\" as a blanket, most-restrictive stand-in for the mix; that is not wrong as an umbrella, but it is not a substitute for the per-row `license` column this connector publishes. GBIF aggregates data from thousands of independent publishers (see `datasetkey`/`publishingorgkey`), each of which retains rights over its own contribution and its own separate attribution page on gbif.org; CC-BY and CC-BY-NC rows require crediting GBIF, and a reuser going beyond casual analysis should also credit the specific publishing dataset/organisation those columns name. Only the tabular Darwin Core fields GBIF’s Parquet export itself carries are republished here — no binary media (images, sounds, video) is copied; `mediatype` lists only what kinds exist." }, "cadence": "monthly", "tags": [ "biodiversity", "species", "occurrences", "gbif", "romania", "ecology" ], "sources": [ { "key": "occurrence", "kind": "parquet", "description": "GBIF occurrence snapshot for 2026-09-01, all countries, as published.", "access": "public", "location": "s3://gbif-open-data-eu-central-1/occurrence/2026-09-01/occurrence.parquet/*", "extensions": [ "httpfs" ], "secrets": [ { "name": "gbif_open_data_eu_central_1", "type": "s3", "scope": [ "s3://gbif-open-data-eu-central-1" ], "env": [], "literals": [ { "key": "PROVIDER", "value": "config" }, { "key": "REGION", "value": "eu-central-1" } ] } ], "attach": [], "requiresEnv": [], "relation": "read_parquet('s3://gbif-open-data-eu-central-1/occurrence/2026-09-01/occurrence.parquet/*', union_by_name = true)" } ] }, "ingest": { "id": "01M1NPTT68G3ABRFT664S6HV9Z", "startedAt": "2026-09-04T07:58:47.496Z", "snapshotDate": "2026-09-04", "catalogSnapshotId": 5, "params": { "snapshotDate": "2026-09-01" }, "outOfBand": true }, "baseUrl": "https://data-directory.fsn1.your-objectstorage.com/public/gbif-ro", "catalog": { "url": "https://data-directory.fsn1.your-objectstorage.com/catalog/gbif-ro/v/01M1NPTT68G3ABRFT664S6HV9Z/catalog.ducklake", "latestUrl": "https://data-directory.fsn1.your-objectstorage.com/catalog/gbif-ro/catalog.ducklake", "sha256": "3a8228b6ed48dcffe021ecdfd5ffb9bf0eedbaf25d624d4dfcea21f84b9c31a1", "duckdbVersion": "v1.5.5", "attachExample": "ATTACH 'ducklake:https://data-directory.fsn1.your-objectstorage.com/catalog/gbif-ro/catalog.ducklake' AS lake (READ_ONLY);" }, "queryHints": { "examples": [ { "title": "Records of one species, most recent snapshot", "sql": "SELECT o.eventdate, o.locality, o.decimallatitude, o.decimallongitude, o.license\nFROM occurrences o\nWHERE o.snapshot_date = (SELECT max(snapshot_date) FROM occurrences)\n AND o.taxonkey = (SELECT taxonkey FROM taxa WHERE scientificname_lc LIKE 'ursus arctos%' LIMIT 1)\nORDER BY o.eventdate DESC;", "description": "These tables are views over GBIF’s bucket, so snapshot_date is a constant — the one snapshot the view points at — and the max() below simply names it. The filter that costs anything is taxonkey, and GBIF’s snapshot has no partitioning to prune it with, so expect this to read across the snapshot rather than a contiguous slice." }, { "title": "Only freely reusable rows (no non-commercial restriction)", "sql": "SELECT count(*) AS freely_reusable_rows\nFROM occurrences\nWHERE license IN ('CC0_1_0', 'CC_BY_4_0');", "description": "The licensing filter every downstream use should start from — see dataset.license.notes for what each value means." }, { "title": "Most-recorded species by number of Romanian occurrences", "sql": "SELECT t.scientificname, t.kingdom, count(*) AS n\nFROM occurrences o\nJOIN taxa t USING (taxonkey)\nGROUP BY 1, 2\nORDER BY n DESC\nLIMIT 20;", "description": "The fact/dimension join this dataset exists to make cheap." }, { "title": "Occurrence counts per year for one taxonomic family", "sql": "SELECT o.year, count(*) AS n\nFROM occurrences o\nJOIN taxa t USING (taxonkey)\nWHERE t.family = 'Ursidae' AND o.year IS NOT NULL\nGROUP BY 1\nORDER BY 1;" } ] }, "tables": [ { "name": "occurrences", "description": "One row per GBIF species-occurrence record published for Romania, from a pinned monthly GBIF snapshot (the run’s `snapshotDate` parameter — see `snapshot_date`). GBIF assigns one of three Creative Commons licences to EACH record individually — CC0-1.0, CC-BY-4.0 or CC-BY-NC-4.0 — and they are genuinely mixed here: filter on `license` before any reuse, and never assume the whole table carries one licence. `taxonkey` joins to `taxa` for the resolved scientific name and full classification.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Câte un rând pentru fiecare înregistrare de apariție a unei specii (occurrence record) publicată pentru România, dintr-un instantaneu (snapshot) lunar GBIF fixat prin parametrul de rulare snapshotDate. GBIF atribuie FIECĂRUI rând, individual, una dintre trei licențe Creative Commons — CC0-1.0, CC-BY-4.0 sau CC-BY-NC-4.0 — și acestea sunt cu adevărat amestecate aici: filtrați după coloana license înainte de orice reutilizare și nu presupuneți niciodată că tot tabelul are o singură licență. Coloana taxonkey face legătura cu tabelul taxa pentru numele științific rezolvat și clasificarea completă.", "en": "One row per GBIF species-occurrence record published for Romania, from a pinned monthly GBIF snapshot (the run’s `snapshotDate` parameter — see `snapshot_date`). GBIF assigns one of three Creative Commons licences to EACH record individually — CC0-1.0, CC-BY-4.0 or CC-BY-NC-4.0 — and they are genuinely mixed here: filter on `license` before any reuse, and never assume the whole table carries one licence. `taxonkey` joins to `taxa` for the resolved scientific name and full classification." }, "rowCount": 0, "totalBytes": 0, "sortBy": [ "snapshot_date", "taxonkey", "eventdate", "gbifid" ], "searchColumns": [], "primaryKey": [ "gbifid", "snapshot_date" ], "writeMode": "snapshot_history", "storage": "view", "source": "occurrence", "view": { "sql": "SELECT\n gbifid,\n '2026-09-01'::DATE AS snapshot_date,\n countrycode,\n datasetkey,\n occurrenceid,\n taxonkey,\n specieskey,\n verbatimscientificname,\n verbatimscientificnameauthorship,\n occurrencestatus,\n individualcount,\n publishingorgkey,\n decimallatitude,\n decimallongitude,\n coordinateuncertaintyinmeters,\n coordinateprecision,\n elevation,\n elevationaccuracy,\n depth,\n depthaccuracy,\n eventdate,\n day,\n month,\n year,\n basisofrecord,\n institutioncode,\n collectioncode,\n catalognumber,\n recordnumber,\n identifiedby,\n dateidentified,\n license,\n rightsholder,\n recordedby,\n typestatus,\n establishmentmeans,\n lastinterpreted,\n mediatype,\n issue,\n locality,\n stateprovince,\n TIMESTAMPTZ '2026-09-04T07:58:47.496Z' AS ingested_at\nFROM read_parquet('s3://gbif-open-data-eu-central-1/occurrence/2026-09-01/occurrence.parquet/*', union_by_name = true)\nWHERE countrycode = 'RO'", "createSql": "CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW \"occurrences\" AS SELECT\n gbifid,\n '2026-09-01'::DATE AS snapshot_date,\n countrycode,\n datasetkey,\n occurrenceid,\n taxonkey,\n specieskey,\n verbatimscientificname,\n verbatimscientificnameauthorship,\n occurrencestatus,\n individualcount,\n publishingorgkey,\n decimallatitude,\n decimallongitude,\n coordinateuncertaintyinmeters,\n coordinateprecision,\n elevation,\n elevationaccuracy,\n depth,\n depthaccuracy,\n eventdate,\n day,\n month,\n year,\n basisofrecord,\n institutioncode,\n collectioncode,\n catalognumber,\n recordnumber,\n identifiedby,\n dateidentified,\n license,\n rightsholder,\n recordedby,\n typestatus,\n establishmentmeans,\n lastinterpreted,\n mediatype,\n issue,\n locality,\n stateprovince,\n TIMESTAMPTZ '2026-09-04T07:58:47.496Z' AS ingested_at\nFROM read_parquet('s3://gbif-open-data-eu-central-1/occurrence/2026-09-01/occurrence.parquet/*', union_by_name = true)\nWHERE countrycode = 'RO'" }, "columns": [ { "name": "gbifid", "type": "BIGINT", "nullable": false, "description": "GBIF’s own numeric identifier for this occurrence record, stable across GBIF snapshots for the same physical record. Together with snapshot_date this is the row’s primary key — the same gbifid can legitimately reappear in a later snapshot.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Identificatorul numeric propriu al GBIF pentru această înregistrare, stabil între instantaneele (snapshot-urile) GBIF pentru aceeași înregistrare fizică. Împreună cu snapshot_date formează cheia primară a rândului — același gbifid poate reapărea, pe bună dreptate, într-un instantaneu ulterior.", "en": "GBIF’s own numeric identifier for this occurrence record, stable across GBIF snapshots for the same physical record. Together with snapshot_date this is the row’s primary key — the same gbifid can legitimately reappear in a later snapshot." } }, { "name": "snapshot_date", "type": "DATE", "nullable": false, "description": "Which GBIF monthly snapshot this row was read from — the connector’s `snapshotDate` run parameter (e.g. \"2026-09-01\"), NOT the day this ingest actually ran. It is an arbitrary calendar-day label naming which monthly corpus to read, with no time zone attached — it is not a UTC day, a Europe/Bucharest day, or any other zoned instant, so do not read a zone into it. GBIF republishes its entire corpus every month, so pinning this is what makes a run reproducible: the same snapshot_date always reads the same 9,898 source files. This table is federated, so this is a constant baked into the published view definition — every row carries the one snapshot the view points at. See ingested_at for when that view definition was published.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Din ce instantaneu lunar GBIF a fost citit acest rând — parametrul de rulare snapshotDate al conectorului (de exemplu „2026-09-01”), NU ziua în care a rulat efectiv acest proces de ingestie. Este o etichetă calendaristică arbitrară care numește ce corpus lunar se citește, fără niciun fus orar atașat — nu este o zi UTC, o zi Europe/Bucharest sau orice alt moment cu fus; nu îi atribuiți unul. GBIF republică întregul corpus lunar, așa că fixarea acestei valori este ce face o rulare reproductibilă: același snapshot_date citește mereu aceleași 9.898 de fișiere sursă. Tabelul este federat, deci aceasta este o constantă înscrisă în definiția vizualizării publicate — fiecare rând poartă unicul instantaneu spre care arată vizualizarea. Vezi ingested_at pentru momentul în care a fost publicată acea definiție.", "en": "Which GBIF monthly snapshot this row was read from — the connector’s `snapshotDate` run parameter (e.g. \"2026-09-01\"), NOT the day this ingest actually ran. It is an arbitrary calendar-day label naming which monthly corpus to read, with no time zone attached — it is not a UTC day, a Europe/Bucharest day, or any other zoned instant, so do not read a zone into it. GBIF republishes its entire corpus every month, so pinning this is what makes a run reproducible: the same snapshot_date always reads the same 9,898 source files. This table is federated, so this is a constant baked into the published view definition — every row carries the one snapshot the view points at. See ingested_at for when that view definition was published." } }, { "name": "countrycode", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": false, "description": "ISO-ish country code GBIF interpreted for this record; always \"RO\" in this table because the ingest filters WHERE countrycode = 'RO' at the source. Kept as an explicit column (rather than assumed) so the table is self-describing on its own.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Codul de țară interpretat de GBIF pentru această înregistrare; mereu „RO” în acest tabel, pentru că ingestia filtrează la sursă WHERE countrycode = 'RO'. Păstrat ca o coloană explicită (mai degrabă decât presupus) astfel încât tabelul se auto-descrie fără context suplimentar.", "en": "ISO-ish country code GBIF interpreted for this record; always \"RO\" in this table because the ingest filters WHERE countrycode = 'RO' at the source. Kept as an explicit column (rather than assumed) so the table is self-describing on its own." } }, { "name": "datasetkey", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "UUID of the GBIF-registered dataset that published this record — one of the many individual collections, citizen-science projects or monitoring programmes GBIF aggregates. Look it up at gbif.org/dataset/ for the publisher’s own name and its own terms; a reuser going beyond casual analysis should credit that publisher specifically, not only GBIF.", "descriptions": { "ro": "UUID-ul setului de date înregistrat la GBIF care a publicat această înregistrare — una dintre numeroasele colecții individuale, proiecte de știință cetățenească sau programe de monitorizare pe care GBIF le agregă. Poate fi căutat la gbif.org/dataset/ pentru numele publicatorului și propriile sale condiții; un reutilizator care depășește o analiză ocazională ar trebui să crediteze acel publicator în mod specific, nu doar GBIF.", "en": "UUID of the GBIF-registered dataset that published this record — one of the many individual collections, citizen-science projects or monitoring programmes GBIF aggregates. Look it up at gbif.org/dataset/ for the publisher’s own name and its own terms; a reuser going beyond casual analysis should credit that publisher specifically, not only GBIF." } }, { "name": "occurrenceid", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "The record’s own identifier as assigned by the institution that originally published it — often a URI, a specimen barcode or a project-specific code. Not guaranteed unique across datasets; use gbifid for that.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Identificatorul propriu al înregistrării, atribuit de instituția care a publicat-o inițial — adesea un URI, un cod de bară de specimen sau un cod specific proiectului. Nu este garantat unic între seturi de date diferite; pentru asta folosiți gbifid.", "en": "The record’s own identifier as assigned by the institution that originally published it — often a URI, a specimen barcode or a project-specific code. Not guaranteed unique across datasets; use gbifid for that." } }, { "name": "taxonkey", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "GBIF backbone taxonomy identifier for the taxon this record was matched to — an opaque alphanumeric token in this export (not the classic integer taxon key GBIF’s website uses), verified directly against the source. Joins to taxa.taxonkey for the resolved name and full classification.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Identificatorul de taxonomie din nomenclatorul GBIF (backbone) la care a fost potrivită această înregistrare — un token alfanumeric opac în acest export (nu clasicul identificator numeric de taxon folosit pe site-ul GBIF), verificat direct în sursă. Face legătura cu taxa.taxonkey pentru numele rezolvat și clasificarea completă.", "en": "GBIF backbone taxonomy identifier for the taxon this record was matched to — an opaque alphanumeric token in this export (not the classic integer taxon key GBIF’s website uses), verified directly against the source. Joins to taxa.taxonkey for the resolved name and full classification." } }, { "name": "specieskey", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "GBIF backbone identifier of the species-level ancestor of taxonkey — the same value as taxonkey when the record was itself matched at species rank, and the enclosing species when it was matched more precisely (a subspecies) or, GBIF permitting, less precisely. NULL when no species-rank match exists (e.g. a genus-only identification).", "descriptions": { "ro": "Identificatorul din nomenclatorul GBIF al strămoșului la rang de specie al lui taxonkey — aceeași valoare ca taxonkey atunci când înregistrarea a fost potrivită chiar la rang de specie, și specia englobantă atunci când a fost potrivită mai precis (o subspecie) sau, dacă GBIF permite, mai puțin precis. NULL când nu există nicio potrivire la rang de specie (de exemplu o identificare doar până la gen).", "en": "GBIF backbone identifier of the species-level ancestor of taxonkey — the same value as taxonkey when the record was itself matched at species rank, and the enclosing species when it was matched more precisely (a subspecies) or, GBIF permitting, less precisely. NULL when no species-rank match exists (e.g. a genus-only identification)." } }, { "name": "verbatimscientificname", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "The scientific name exactly as the original recorder or publisher wrote it, BEFORE GBIF matched it against its taxonomic backbone — spelling variants, outdated names and typos included. Compare against taxa.scientificname (the resolved name) to see what GBIF’s matching actually did.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Numele științific exact așa cum l-a scris observatorul sau publicatorul original, ÎNAINTE ca GBIF să îl potrivească cu nomenclatorul său taxonomic — variante de scriere, nume învechite și greșeli de tipar, incluse. Comparați cu taxa.scientificname (numele rezolvat) pentru a vedea ce a făcut de fapt potrivirea GBIF.", "en": "The scientific name exactly as the original recorder or publisher wrote it, BEFORE GBIF matched it against its taxonomic backbone — spelling variants, outdated names and typos included. Compare against taxa.scientificname (the resolved name) to see what GBIF’s matching actually did." } }, { "name": "verbatimscientificnameauthorship", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "The taxonomic authorship string (who first described the name, and when) exactly as the original record carried it, when published separately from verbatimscientificname.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Șirul de autorat taxonomic (cine a descris pentru prima dată numele, și când) exact așa cum a fost publicat separat de verbatimscientificname în înregistrarea originală.", "en": "The taxonomic authorship string (who first described the name, and when) exactly as the original record carried it, when published separately from verbatimscientificname." } }, { "name": "occurrencestatus", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Whether the organism was recorded as PRESENT (the normal case) or ABSENT — a deliberate record that a survey looked for the taxon at this place and time and did NOT find it. Absence records matter for distribution modelling and are easy to mistake for missing data if this column is ignored.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Dacă organismul a fost înregistrat ca PRESENT (cazul normal) sau ABSENT — o înregistrare deliberată a faptului că un studiu a căutat taxonul în acel loc și moment și NU l-a găsit. Înregistrările de absență contează pentru modelarea distribuției speciilor și pot fi confundate ușor cu date lipsă dacă această coloană este ignorată.", "en": "Whether the organism was recorded as PRESENT (the normal case) or ABSENT — a deliberate record that a survey looked for the taxon at this place and time and did NOT find it. Absence records matter for distribution modelling and are easy to mistake for missing data if this column is ignored." } }, { "name": "individualcount", "type": "INTEGER", "nullable": true, "description": "Number of individuals the record covers, when the source reported a count rather than a bare presence.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Numărul de indivizi acoperit de înregistrare, atunci când sursa a raportat un număr în loc de o simplă prezență.", "en": "Number of individuals the record covers, when the source reported a count rather than a bare presence." } }, { "name": "publishingorgkey", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "UUID of the GBIF-registered organisation that operates the publishing dataset — typically a museum, university, agency or NGO. Look it up at gbif.org/publisher/.", "descriptions": { "ro": "UUID-ul organizației înregistrate la GBIF care operează setul de date publicator — de regulă un muzeu, o universitate, o agenție sau un ONG. Poate fi căutat la gbif.org/publisher/.", "en": "UUID of the GBIF-registered organisation that operates the publishing dataset — typically a museum, university, agency or NGO. Look it up at gbif.org/publisher/." } }, { "name": "decimallatitude", "type": "DOUBLE", "nullable": true, "description": "Latitude GBIF interpreted for this record, WGS84.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Latitudinea interpretată de GBIF pentru această înregistrare, WGS84.", "en": "Latitude GBIF interpreted for this record, WGS84." }, "unit": "degrees" }, { "name": "decimallongitude", "type": "DOUBLE", "nullable": true, "description": "Longitude GBIF interpreted for this record, WGS84.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Longitudinea interpretată de GBIF pentru această înregistrare, WGS84.", "en": "Longitude GBIF interpreted for this record, WGS84." }, "unit": "degrees" }, { "name": "coordinateuncertaintyinmeters", "type": "DOUBLE", "nullable": true, "description": "Radius of the circle around (decimallatitude, decimallongitude) that GBIF is confident the true location falls within. Large values (kilometres) are common for older or coarsely georeferenced records — always sense-check before mapping at fine scale.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Raza cercului din jurul punctului (decimallatitude, decimallongitude) în care GBIF consideră că se află, cu încredere, locația reală. Valorile mari (kilometri) sunt obișnuite pentru înregistrări mai vechi sau georeferențiate aproximativ — verificați întotdeauna plauzibilitatea înainte de a reprezenta pe hartă la scară fină.", "en": "Radius of the circle around (decimallatitude, decimallongitude) that GBIF is confident the true location falls within. Large values (kilometres) are common for older or coarsely georeferenced records — always sense-check before mapping at fine scale." }, "unit": "m" }, { "name": "coordinateprecision", "type": "DOUBLE", "nullable": true, "description": "Decimal precision of the reported coordinates, as a fraction of a degree — a measurement of how the coordinates were rounded, distinct from coordinateuncertaintyinmeters (which measures real-world positional error). Rare in practice; most records leave it unset.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Precizia zecimală a coordonatelor raportate, ca fracțiune dintr-un grad — o măsură a modului în care coordonatele au fost rotunjite, diferită de coordinateuncertaintyinmeters (care măsoară eroarea de poziție reală). Rar întâlnită în practică; majoritatea înregistrărilor nu o completează.", "en": "Decimal precision of the reported coordinates, as a fraction of a degree — a measurement of how the coordinates were rounded, distinct from coordinateuncertaintyinmeters (which measures real-world positional error). Rare in practice; most records leave it unset." }, "unit": "degrees" }, { "name": "elevation", "type": "DOUBLE", "nullable": true, "description": "Elevation above sea level GBIF interpreted for the record.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Altitudinea deasupra nivelului mării interpretată de GBIF pentru înregistrare.", "en": "Elevation above sea level GBIF interpreted for the record." }, "unit": "m" }, { "name": "elevationaccuracy", "type": "DOUBLE", "nullable": true, "description": "Reported precision of elevation, when given.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Precizia raportată a altitudinii, atunci când este dată.", "en": "Reported precision of elevation, when given." }, "unit": "m" }, { "name": "depth", "type": "DOUBLE", "nullable": true, "description": "Depth below the surface (of water or soil) at which the organism was recorded — relevant for aquatic and soil-dwelling taxa.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Adâncimea sub suprafață (a apei sau a solului) la care a fost înregistrat organismul — relevantă pentru speciile acvatice și cele care trăiesc în sol.", "en": "Depth below the surface (of water or soil) at which the organism was recorded — relevant for aquatic and soil-dwelling taxa." }, "unit": "m" }, { "name": "depthaccuracy", "type": "DOUBLE", "nullable": true, "description": "Reported precision of depth, when given.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Precizia raportată a adâncimii, atunci când este dată.", "en": "Reported precision of depth, when given." }, "unit": "m" }, { "name": "eventdate", "type": "TIMESTAMP", "nullable": true, "description": "GBIF’s interpreted date (and, when the source gave one, time) the organism was observed or collected — stated as whatever local clock reading the source gave, not a UTC instant: GBIF’s own temporal-interpretation pipeline keeps an offset only when the source stated UTC itself, and otherwise strips it rather than converting it (a +01:00 record and a +14:00 record with the same digits both land on the same zone-less value here), verified against a live GBIF API record on 2026-09-04. Most records report only a calendar day: expect eventdate to sit at midnight far more often than a genuine clock time. day/month/year below repeat the calendar fields directly and are the safer columns to filter or group by when time-of-day does not matter.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Data (și, atunci când sursa a oferit-o, ora) interpretată de GBIF la care organismul a fost observat sau colectat — redată ca ora locală de ceas raportată de sursă, nu ca moment UTC: propriul pipeline de interpretare temporală al GBIF păstrează un decalaj doar atunci când sursa a declarat chiar ea UTC, iar altfel îl elimină în loc să-l convertească (o înregistrare +01:00 și una +14:00 cu aceleași cifre ajung la aceeași valoare fără fus aici), verificat pe o înregistrare live din API-ul GBIF la 2026-09-04. Majoritatea înregistrărilor raportează doar o zi calendaristică: așteptați ca eventdate să fie la miezul nopții mult mai des decât o oră reală. Coloanele day/month/year de mai jos repetă direct câmpurile calendaristice și sunt coloanele mai sigure pentru filtrare sau grupare atunci când ora exactă nu contează.", "en": "GBIF’s interpreted date (and, when the source gave one, time) the organism was observed or collected — stated as whatever local clock reading the source gave, not a UTC instant: GBIF’s own temporal-interpretation pipeline keeps an offset only when the source stated UTC itself, and otherwise strips it rather than converting it (a +01:00 record and a +14:00 record with the same digits both land on the same zone-less value here), verified against a live GBIF API record on 2026-09-04. Most records report only a calendar day: expect eventdate to sit at midnight far more often than a genuine clock time. day/month/year below repeat the calendar fields directly and are the safer columns to filter or group by when time-of-day does not matter." } }, { "name": "day", "type": "INTEGER", "nullable": true, "description": "Day of the month of eventdate, when GBIF could parse one.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Ziua din lună a lui eventdate, atunci când GBIF a putut-o interpreta.", "en": "Day of the month of eventdate, when GBIF could parse one." } }, { "name": "month", "type": "INTEGER", "nullable": true, "description": "Month of eventdate, when GBIF could parse one.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Luna lui eventdate, atunci când GBIF a putut-o interpreta.", "en": "Month of eventdate, when GBIF could parse one." } }, { "name": "year", "type": "INTEGER", "nullable": true, "description": "Year of eventdate, when GBIF could parse one. The safest column for \"how many records per year\" — some records span many centuries (museum specimens collected as early as the 1500s appear in this snapshot).", "descriptions": { "ro": "Anul lui eventdate, atunci când GBIF a putut să îl interpreteze. Cea mai sigură coloană pentru „câte înregistrări pe an” — unele înregistrări acoperă multe secole (specimene de muzeu colectate încă din anii 1500 apar în acest instantaneu).", "en": "Year of eventdate, when GBIF could parse one. The safest column for \"how many records per year\" — some records span many centuries (museum specimens collected as early as the 1500s appear in this snapshot)." } }, { "name": "basisofrecord", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "What kind of evidence this record is: HUMAN_OBSERVATION (a person saw it and logged it, no specimen kept — most citizen-science records), PRESERVED_SPECIMEN (a museum or herbarium specimen), MATERIAL_SAMPLE (a physical sample such as a soil or water sample), MACHINE_OBSERVATION (an automated sensor, e.g. a camera trap or acoustic logger), OCCURRENCE (unspecified evidence) or MATERIAL_CITATION (cited in a publication without a retained specimen).", "descriptions": { "ro": "Ce fel de dovadă este această înregistrare: HUMAN_OBSERVATION (o persoană a văzut organismul și l-a notat, fără specimen păstrat — majoritatea înregistrărilor de știință cetățenească), PRESERVED_SPECIMEN (un specimen de muzeu sau ierbar), MATERIAL_SAMPLE (o probă fizică, de exemplu de sol sau apă), MACHINE_OBSERVATION (un senzor automat, de exemplu o cameră-capcană sau un înregistrator acustic), OCCURRENCE (dovadă nespecificată) sau MATERIAL_CITATION (citat într-o publicație fără un specimen păstrat).", "en": "What kind of evidence this record is: HUMAN_OBSERVATION (a person saw it and logged it, no specimen kept — most citizen-science records), PRESERVED_SPECIMEN (a museum or herbarium specimen), MATERIAL_SAMPLE (a physical sample such as a soil or water sample), MACHINE_OBSERVATION (an automated sensor, e.g. a camera trap or acoustic logger), OCCURRENCE (unspecified evidence) or MATERIAL_CITATION (cited in a publication without a retained specimen)." } }, { "name": "institutioncode", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Code of the institution that holds or manages the record, as the original publisher wrote it.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Codul instituției care deține sau gestionează înregistrarea, așa cum l-a scris publicatorul original.", "en": "Code of the institution that holds or manages the record, as the original publisher wrote it." } }, { "name": "collectioncode", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Code of the collection within the institution.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Codul colecției din cadrul instituției.", "en": "Code of the collection within the institution." } }, { "name": "catalognumber", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Catalogue or specimen number within the collection — together with institutioncode and collectioncode, how the source institution itself would look this record up.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Numărul de catalog sau de specimen din colecție — împreună cu institutioncode și collectioncode, modul în care instituția-sursă însăși ar căuta această înregistrare.", "en": "Catalogue or specimen number within the collection — together with institutioncode and collectioncode, how the source institution itself would look this record up." } }, { "name": "recordnumber", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "The original collector’s or observer’s own field/record number, distinct from the institution’s catalogue number.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Numărul propriu de teren/înregistrare al colecționarului sau observatorului original, diferit de numărul de catalog al instituției.", "en": "The original collector’s or observer’s own field/record number, distinct from the institution’s catalogue number." } }, { "name": "identifiedby", "type": "JSON", "nullable": true, "description": "Name(s) of the person or people who identified the taxon, as a JSON array of strings (GBIF’s own field is a list — a record can carry more than one identifier, or none).", "descriptions": { "ro": "Numele persoanei sau persoanelor care au identificat taxonul, ca listă JSON de șiruri de caractere (câmpul GBIF propriu-zis este o listă — o înregistrare poate avea mai mulți identificatori, sau niciunul).", "en": "Name(s) of the person or people who identified the taxon, as a JSON array of strings (GBIF’s own field is a list — a record can carry more than one identifier, or none)." } }, { "name": "dateidentified", "type": "TIMESTAMP", "nullable": true, "description": "When the taxonomic identification was made, if recorded — like eventdate, GBIF strips any offset that is not already UTC rather than converting it, so a stated time here is the identifier’s own local clock reading with no zone attached, not a UTC instant (confirmed against a live GBIF API record on 2026-09-04, which returned \"2026-08-01T05:07:56\" with no offset at all).", "descriptions": { "ro": "Când a fost făcută identificarea taxonomică, dacă a fost înregistrată — la fel ca eventdate, GBIF elimină orice decalaj care nu este deja UTC în loc să-l convertească, așa că o oră stocată aici este ora locală de ceas a identificatorului, fără niciun fus atașat, nu un moment UTC (confirmat pe o înregistrare live din API-ul GBIF la 2026-09-04, care a returnat „2026-08-01T05:07:56” fără niciun decalaj).", "en": "When the taxonomic identification was made, if recorded — like eventdate, GBIF strips any offset that is not already UTC rather than converting it, so a stated time here is the identifier’s own local clock reading with no zone attached, not a UTC instant (confirmed against a live GBIF API record on 2026-09-04, which returned \"2026-08-01T05:07:56\" with no offset at all)." } }, { "name": "license", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": false, "description": "THE PER-RECORD LICENCE — the single most important column in this table before reusing any row. One of \"CC0_1_0\" (no rights reserved), \"CC_BY_4_0\" (attribution required) or \"CC_BY_NC_4_0\" (attribution required, NON-COMMERCIAL USE ONLY), assigned by GBIF per record — never assume the dataset-level licence describes every row. See the connector’s dataset.license notes for the measured breakdown and what each value obligates a reuser to do. Declared NOT NULL on purpose: a row this connector cannot attach a licence to must fail the ingest rather than publish with an unknown licence.", "descriptions": { "ro": "LICENȚA PROPRIE A ÎNREGISTRĂRII — cea mai importantă coloană din acest tabel înainte de a reutiliza orice rând. Una dintre valorile „CC0_1_0” (fără niciun drept rezervat), „CC_BY_4_0” (necesită atribuire) sau „CC_BY_NC_4_0” (necesită atribuire, DOAR UZ NECOMERCIAL), atribuită de GBIF individual pentru fiecare înregistrare — nu presupuneți niciodată că licența la nivel de set de date descrie fiecare rând. Vedeți notele license ale conectorului pentru repartiția măsurată și ce obligă fiecare valoare pe un reutilizator să facă. Declarată NOT NULL intenționat: un rând căruia acest conector nu îi poate atașa o licență trebuie să oprească ingestia cu eroare, nu să fie publicat cu o licență necunoscută.", "en": "THE PER-RECORD LICENCE — the single most important column in this table before reusing any row. One of \"CC0_1_0\" (no rights reserved), \"CC_BY_4_0\" (attribution required) or \"CC_BY_NC_4_0\" (attribution required, NON-COMMERCIAL USE ONLY), assigned by GBIF per record — never assume the dataset-level licence describes every row. See the connector’s dataset.license notes for the measured breakdown and what each value obligates a reuser to do. Declared NOT NULL on purpose: a row this connector cannot attach a licence to must fail the ingest rather than publish with an unknown licence." } }, { "name": "rightsholder", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Name of the person or organisation holding rights over the record, when GBIF recorded one separately from the publishing organisation.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Numele persoanei sau organizației care deține drepturile asupra înregistrării, atunci când GBIF a înregistrat unul separat de organizația publicatoare.", "en": "Name of the person or organisation holding rights over the record, when GBIF recorded one separately from the publishing organisation." } }, { "name": "recordedby", "type": "JSON", "nullable": true, "description": "Name(s) of the person or people who recorded/collected the occurrence, as a JSON array of strings.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Numele persoanei sau persoanelor care au înregistrat/colectat observația, ca listă JSON de șiruri de caractere.", "en": "Name(s) of the person or people who recorded/collected the occurrence, as a JSON array of strings." } }, { "name": "typestatus", "type": "JSON", "nullable": true, "description": "Nomenclatural type status of the specimen (e.g. \"Holotype\", \"Paratype\"), as a JSON array of strings. NULL or empty for the overwhelming majority of records — this applies only to specimens formally designated as the reference for a species name.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Statutul nomenclatural de tip al specimenului (de exemplu „Holotype”, „Paratype”), ca listă JSON de șiruri de caractere. NULL sau gol pentru marea majoritate a înregistrărilor — se aplică doar specimenelor desemnate formal ca referință pentru un nume de specie.", "en": "Nomenclatural type status of the specimen (e.g. \"Holotype\", \"Paratype\"), as a JSON array of strings. NULL or empty for the overwhelming majority of records — this applies only to specimens formally designated as the reference for a species name." } }, { "name": "establishmentmeans", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Whether the organism is considered native, introduced, naturalised, invasive, managed or uncertain at this location, when the source recorded a judgement.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Dacă organismul este considerat nativ, introdus, naturalizat, invaziv, gestionat sau incert în acest loc, atunci când sursa a înregistrat o apreciere.", "en": "Whether the organism is considered native, introduced, naturalised, invasive, managed or uncertain at this location, when the source recorded a judgement." } }, { "name": "lastinterpreted", "type": "TIMESTAMP", "nullable": true, "description": "When GBIF’s own interpretation pipeline (matching the taxon, parsing the date, validating coordinates, assigning issue flags) last processed this record, in UTC — a live GBIF API record checked on 2026-09-04 stated it as \"2026-09-02T08:42:23.730+00:00\", unlike eventdate/dateidentified above, because this is GBIF’s own server clock rather than a value read off someone else’s data. Unrelated to when this connector ingested it (see ingested_at).", "descriptions": { "ro": "Când pipeline-ul propriu de interpretare al GBIF (potrivirea taxonului, interpretarea datei, validarea coordonatelor, atribuirea indicatorilor de probleme) a procesat ultima dată această înregistrare, în UTC — o înregistrare live din API-ul GBIF verificată la 2026-09-04 arăta „2026-09-02T08:42:23.730+00:00”, spre deosebire de eventdate/dateidentified de mai sus, pentru că acesta este ceasul propriu al serverelor GBIF, nu o valoare citită din datele altcuiva. Fără legătură cu momentul în care acest conector a preluat înregistrarea (vezi ingested_at).", "en": "When GBIF’s own interpretation pipeline (matching the taxon, parsing the date, validating coordinates, assigning issue flags) last processed this record, in UTC — a live GBIF API record checked on 2026-09-04 stated it as \"2026-09-02T08:42:23.730+00:00\", unlike eventdate/dateidentified above, because this is GBIF’s own server clock rather than a value read off someone else’s data. Unrelated to when this connector ingested it (see ingested_at)." } }, { "name": "mediatype", "type": "JSON", "nullable": true, "description": "Which kinds of media (e.g. \"StillImage\", \"Sound\", \"MovingImage\") GBIF associates with this record, as a JSON array of strings. This connector does NOT republish the media itself — no images, no audio, no video are copied — only this list of what exists; follow occurrenceid or the GBIF occurrence page for the files themselves.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Ce tipuri de fișiere media (de exemplu „StillImage”, „Sound”, „MovingImage”) asociază GBIF acestei înregistrări, ca listă JSON de șiruri de caractere. Acest conector NU republică fișierele media în sine — nicio imagine, niciun sunet, niciun video nu este copiat — doar această listă a ceea ce există; urmăriți occurrenceid sau pagina GBIF a înregistrării pentru fișierele propriu-zise.", "en": "Which kinds of media (e.g. \"StillImage\", \"Sound\", \"MovingImage\") GBIF associates with this record, as a JSON array of strings. This connector does NOT republish the media itself — no images, no audio, no video are copied — only this list of what exists; follow occurrenceid or the GBIF occurrence page for the files themselves." } }, { "name": "issue", "type": "JSON", "nullable": true, "description": "GBIF interpretation issue codes flagged for this record (e.g. coordinate rounding, a taxon match ambiguity, a date out of range), as a JSON array of strings. An empty or NULL array means GBIF’s pipeline flagged nothing; a non-empty one is a hint to check the flagged field before trusting it blindly. See gbif.org/data-quality-requirements for what each code means.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Codurile de probleme de interpretare marcate de GBIF pentru această înregistrare (de exemplu rotunjirea coordonatelor, o ambiguitate în potrivirea taxonului, o dată în afara intervalului plauzibil), ca listă JSON de șiruri de caractere. O listă goală sau NULL înseamnă că pipeline-ul GBIF nu a semnalat nimic; o listă nevidă este un indiciu să verificați câmpul semnalat înainte de a-l folosi fără rezerve. Vedeți gbif.org/data-quality-requirements pentru ce înseamnă fiecare cod.", "en": "GBIF interpretation issue codes flagged for this record (e.g. coordinate rounding, a taxon match ambiguity, a date out of range), as a JSON array of strings. An empty or NULL array means GBIF’s pipeline flagged nothing; a non-empty one is a hint to check the flagged field before trusting it blindly. See gbif.org/data-quality-requirements for what each code means." } }, { "name": "locality", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Free-text place description as the original recorder wrote it — a place name, a protected-area name, a description relative to a landmark. Not standardised: use decimallatitude/decimallongitude for anything that needs to be compared or mapped.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Descrierea liberă a locului, așa cum a scris-o observatorul original — un nume de loc, numele unei arii protejate, o descriere relativă la un reper. Nu este standardizată: folosiți decimallatitude/decimallongitude pentru orice necesită comparare sau reprezentare pe hartă.", "en": "Free-text place description as the original recorder wrote it — a place name, a protected-area name, a description relative to a landmark. Not standardised: use decimallatitude/decimallongitude for anything that needs to be compared or mapped." } }, { "name": "stateprovince", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Romanian county (județ) or other first-level administrative division, as GBIF interpreted it from the source record. Not populated for every record — many sources give only coordinates or a free-text locality.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Județul românesc sau altă diviziune administrativă de prim nivel, așa cum a interpretat-o GBIF din înregistrarea sursă. Nu este completată pentru fiecare înregistrare — multe surse oferă doar coordonate sau o localitate în text liber.", "en": "Romanian county (județ) or other first-level administrative division, as GBIF interpreted it from the source record. Not populated for every record — many sources give only coordinates or a free-text locality." } }, { "name": "ingested_at", "type": "TIMESTAMP", "nullable": false, "description": "When the run that PUBLISHED THIS VIEW started (UTC). This table is federated — no row was ever copied — so this is one constant for every row, and it dates the view definition rather than the data: the rows themselves are read from GBIF live, at the moment you query them. It is not when GBIF published the snapshot or last interpreted the record (see lastinterpreted).", "descriptions": { "ro": "Când a început rularea care A PUBLICAT ACEASTĂ VIZUALIZARE (UTC). Tabelul este federat — niciun rând nu a fost copiat — deci este o singură constantă pentru toate rândurile și datează definiția vizualizării, nu datele: rândurile sunt citite direct de la GBIF în momentul în care le interoghezi. Nu este momentul în care GBIF a publicat instantaneul sau a interpretat ultima dată înregistrarea (vezi lastinterpreted).", "en": "When the run that PUBLISHED THIS VIEW started (UTC). This table is federated — no row was ever copied — so this is one constant for every row, and it dates the view definition rather than the data: the rows themselves are read from GBIF live, at the moment you query them. It is not when GBIF published the snapshot or last interpreted the record (see lastinterpreted)." } } ], "files": [] }, { "name": "taxa", "description": "One row per distinct taxon (taxonkey) that has appeared in this connector’s Romanian occurrence records, with the full classification and the GBIF-resolved scientific name — the columns that are identical for every occurrence of the same taxon, pulled out of occurrences so they are stored once per taxon rather than once per record. Updated by upsert: a taxon already known keeps its row and widens its seen window; a taxon this run did not encounter keeps its existing row rather than being deleted, so older occurrence rows never lose their dimension match.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Câte un rând pentru fiecare taxon distinct (taxonkey) apărut în înregistrările românești ale acestui conector, cu clasificarea completă și numele științific rezolvat de GBIF — coloanele identice pentru fiecare apariție a aceluiași taxon, extrase din occurrences astfel încât sunt stocate o singură dată per taxon, nu o dată pentru fiecare înregistrare. Actualizat prin upsert: un taxon deja cunoscut își păstrează rândul și își extinde fereastra de observare; un taxon neîntâlnit în rularea curentă își păstrează rândul existent în loc să fie șters, astfel încât înregistrările mai vechi din occurrences nu își pierd niciodată corespondentul din această dimensiune.", "en": "One row per distinct taxon (taxonkey) that has appeared in this connector’s Romanian occurrence records, with the full classification and the GBIF-resolved scientific name — the columns that are identical for every occurrence of the same taxon, pulled out of occurrences so they are stored once per taxon rather than once per record. Updated by upsert: a taxon already known keeps its row and widens its seen window; a taxon this run did not encounter keeps its existing row rather than being deleted, so older occurrence rows never lose their dimension match." }, "rowCount": 0, "totalBytes": 0, "sortBy": [ "scientificname_lc" ], "searchColumns": [ "scientificname" ], "primaryKey": [ "taxonkey" ], "writeMode": "upsert", "storage": "view", "source": "occurrence", "view": { "sql": "SELECT\n taxonkey,\n max(specieskey) AS specieskey,\n max(kingdom) AS kingdom,\n max(phylum) AS phylum,\n max(\"class\") AS \"class\",\n max(\"order\") AS \"order\",\n max(family) AS family,\n max(genus) AS genus,\n max(species) AS species,\n max(taxonrank) AS taxonrank,\n max(scientificname) AS scientificname,\n lower(strip_accents(max(scientificname))) AS scientificname_lc,\n DATE '2026-09-04' AS first_seen_date,\n DATE '2026-09-04' AS last_seen_date,\n TIMESTAMPTZ '2026-09-04T07:58:47.496Z' AS ingested_at\nFROM read_parquet('s3://gbif-open-data-eu-central-1/occurrence/2026-09-01/occurrence.parquet/*', union_by_name = true)\nWHERE countrycode = 'RO' AND taxonkey IS NOT NULL\nGROUP BY taxonkey", "createSql": "CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW \"taxa\" AS SELECT\n taxonkey,\n max(specieskey) AS specieskey,\n max(kingdom) AS kingdom,\n max(phylum) AS phylum,\n max(\"class\") AS \"class\",\n max(\"order\") AS \"order\",\n max(family) AS family,\n max(genus) AS genus,\n max(species) AS species,\n max(taxonrank) AS taxonrank,\n max(scientificname) AS scientificname,\n lower(strip_accents(max(scientificname))) AS scientificname_lc,\n DATE '2026-09-04' AS first_seen_date,\n DATE '2026-09-04' AS last_seen_date,\n TIMESTAMPTZ '2026-09-04T07:58:47.496Z' AS ingested_at\nFROM read_parquet('s3://gbif-open-data-eu-central-1/occurrence/2026-09-01/occurrence.parquet/*', union_by_name = true)\nWHERE countrycode = 'RO' AND taxonkey IS NOT NULL\nGROUP BY taxonkey" }, "columns": [ { "name": "taxonkey", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": false, "description": "GBIF backbone taxonomy identifier — an opaque alphanumeric token in this export. Joins to occurrences.taxonkey.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Identificatorul de taxonomie din nomenclatorul GBIF (backbone) — un token alfanumeric opac în acest export. Face legătura cu occurrences.taxonkey.", "en": "GBIF backbone taxonomy identifier — an opaque alphanumeric token in this export. Joins to occurrences.taxonkey." } }, { "name": "specieskey", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "GBIF backbone identifier of the species-level ancestor of this taxon; equals taxonkey itself when this taxon IS a species. NULL when no species-rank ancestor is known.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Identificatorul din nomenclatorul GBIF al strămoșului la rang de specie al acestui taxon; egal cu taxonkey însuși atunci când acest taxon ESTE o specie. NULL când nu se cunoaște niciun strămoș la rang de specie.", "en": "GBIF backbone identifier of the species-level ancestor of this taxon; equals taxonkey itself when this taxon IS a species. NULL when no species-rank ancestor is known." } }, { "name": "kingdom", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Taxonomic kingdom, e.g. Animalia, Plantae, Fungi.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Regnul taxonomic, de exemplu Animalia, Plantae, Fungi.", "en": "Taxonomic kingdom, e.g. Animalia, Plantae, Fungi." } }, { "name": "phylum", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Taxonomic phylum.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Încrengătura (phylum) taxonomică.", "en": "Taxonomic phylum." } }, { "name": "class", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Taxonomic class.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Clasa taxonomică.", "en": "Taxonomic class." } }, { "name": "order", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Taxonomic order.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Ordinul taxonomic.", "en": "Taxonomic order." } }, { "name": "family", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Taxonomic family.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Familia taxonomică.", "en": "Taxonomic family." } }, { "name": "genus", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Taxonomic genus.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Genul taxonomic.", "en": "Taxonomic genus." } }, { "name": "species", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "Species epithet as GBIF’s backbone resolves it — present only when taxonkey resolved to species rank or more precisely; NULL for a record only matched to genus or higher.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Epitetul de specie așa cum îl rezolvă nomenclatorul GBIF — prezent doar atunci când taxonkey a fost rezolvat la rang de specie sau mai precis; NULL pentru o înregistrare potrivită doar la gen sau la un rang superior.", "en": "Species epithet as GBIF’s backbone resolves it — present only when taxonkey resolved to species rank or more precisely; NULL for a record only matched to genus or higher." } }, { "name": "taxonrank", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "The taxonomic rank taxonkey was actually matched at — SPECIES, GENUS, FAMILY, SUBSPECIES and so on. Explains why species/genus/family above can be NULL: a record matched only to genus rank has no species value to give.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Rangul taxonomic la care a fost efectiv potrivit taxonkey — SPECIES, GENUS, FAMILY, SUBSPECIES și așa mai departe. Explică de ce species/genus/family de mai sus pot fi NULL: o înregistrare potrivită doar la rang de gen nu are o valoare de specie de dat.", "en": "The taxonomic rank taxonkey was actually matched at — SPECIES, GENUS, FAMILY, SUBSPECIES and so on. Explains why species/genus/family above can be NULL: a record matched only to genus rank has no species value to give." } }, { "name": "scientificname", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "The GBIF-backbone-resolved scientific name for this taxon, WITH authorship — the standardised name, as opposed to occurrences.verbatimscientificname (what each record’s original source actually wrote, before matching).", "descriptions": { "ro": "Numele științific rezolvat de nomenclatorul GBIF pentru acest taxon, CU autorat — numele standardizat, spre deosebire de occurrences.verbatimscientificname (ce a scris efectiv sursa originală a fiecărei înregistrări, înainte de potrivire).", "en": "The GBIF-backbone-resolved scientific name for this taxon, WITH authorship — the standardised name, as opposed to occurrences.verbatimscientificname (what each record’s original source actually wrote, before matching)." } }, { "name": "scientificname_lc", "type": "VARCHAR", "nullable": true, "description": "scientificname lower-cased and accent-folded, for case- and accent-insensitive prefix search. Searching this column instead of lower(scientificname) is what lets a prefix match use parquet statistics: scientificname_lc >= 'urs' AND scientificname_lc < 'urt' is a range: lower(scientificname) = '…' is a function the statistics cannot see through.", "descriptions": { "ro": "scientificname scris cu litere mici și fără diacritice, pentru căutare de prefix insensibilă la majuscule și diacritice. Căutarea în această coloană, în loc de lower(scientificname), este ce permite unei potriviri de prefix să folosească statisticile parquet: scientificname_lc >= 'urs' AND scientificname_lc < 'urt' este un interval; lower(scientificname) = '…' este o funcție pe care statisticile nu o pot „vedea prin ea”.", "en": "scientificname lower-cased and accent-folded, for case- and accent-insensitive prefix search. Searching this column instead of lower(scientificname) is what lets a prefix match use parquet statistics: scientificname_lc >= 'urs' AND scientificname_lc < 'urt' is a range: lower(scientificname) = '…' is a function the statistics cannot see through." } }, { "name": "first_seen_date", "type": "DATE", "nullable": false, "description": "The day (UTC) the published view definition was built. This table is federated, so it is NOT a seen-window: a view has no memory of previous runs, so first_seen_date and last_seen_date carry the same constant on every row. While the table was copied into the lake these two columns really did widen across runs; they are kept, with this description, rather than dropped, so a query written against the copied table still resolves. To ask when a taxon was actually recorded, use occurrences.eventdate.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Ziua (UTC) în care a fost construită definiția vizualizării publicate. Tabelul este federat, deci NU este o fereastră de observare: o vizualizare nu ține minte rulările anterioare, așa că first_seen_date și last_seen_date poartă aceeași constantă pe fiecare rând. Cât timp tabelul a fost copiat în lac, aceste două coloane chiar se lărgeau de la o rulare la alta; sunt păstrate, cu această descriere, în loc să fie eliminate, ca o interogare scrisă pentru varianta copiată să funcționeze în continuare. Pentru momentul în care taxonul a fost observat efectiv, folosește occurrences.eventdate.", "en": "The day (UTC) the published view definition was built. This table is federated, so it is NOT a seen-window: a view has no memory of previous runs, so first_seen_date and last_seen_date carry the same constant on every row. While the table was copied into the lake these two columns really did widen across runs; they are kept, with this description, rather than dropped, so a query written against the copied table still resolves. To ask when a taxon was actually recorded, use occurrences.eventdate." } }, { "name": "last_seen_date", "type": "DATE", "nullable": false, "description": "The same UTC constant as first_seen_date, for the same reason: this table is federated and a view cannot remember a previous run. A taxon missing from the snapshot the view points at is simply absent from the view — it is not retained under a stale last-seen value the way the copied, upserted version of this table retained it.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Aceeași constantă UTC ca first_seen_date, din același motiv: tabelul este federat, iar o vizualizare nu poate ține minte o rulare anterioară. Un taxon absent din instantaneul spre care arată vizualizarea lipsește pur și simplu din ea — nu este păstrat sub o valoare „văzut ultima dată” învechită, așa cum îl păstra varianta copiată și actualizată prin upsert.", "en": "The same UTC constant as first_seen_date, for the same reason: this table is federated and a view cannot remember a previous run. A taxon missing from the snapshot the view points at is simply absent from the view — it is not retained under a stale last-seen value the way the copied, upserted version of this table retained it." } }, { "name": "ingested_at", "type": "TIMESTAMP", "nullable": false, "description": "When the run that published this view definition started (UTC). One constant for every row: nothing was written, so nothing has its own write time.", "descriptions": { "ro": "Când a început rularea care a publicat această definiție de vizualizare (UTC). O singură constantă pentru toate rândurile: nu s-a scris nimic, deci niciun rând nu are un moment propriu al scrierii.", "en": "When the run that published this view definition started (UTC). One constant for every row: nothing was written, so nothing has its own write time." } } ], "files": [] } ], "generatedAt": "2026-09-04T07:58:52.534Z" }